Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) test is the most widely used type of immunoassay. ELISA is a rapid test used for detecting or quantifying antibody (Ab) against viruses, bacteria and other materials or antigen (Ag). ELISA  is so named because the test technique involves the use of an enzyme system and immunosorbent.

 

ELISA test is being increasingly used in the detection of antigen (infectious agent) or antibody due to its simplicity and sensitivity. It is as sensitive as radioimmunoassay (RIA) and requires only microlitre quantities of test reagents. It has now been widely applied in detection of a variety of antibody and antigens such as hormones, toxins, and viruses.